Storm Sphere wouldn't benefit from the range increase provided by Spell Sniper.
Spell Sniper's first dot point specifically states:
When you cast a spell...
The lightning bolt that leaps from the center of the sphere and the subsequent attack roll is an effect that happens after the spell has already been cast and thus does not gain the double range benefit of Spell Sniper.
Distant spell says:
Whenever you cast a spell that has a range of 5 feet or greater, you can...double the range of the spell.
Distant spell cannot be applied to burning hands
Burning hands has a range of Self. Self is not a number that is 5 feet or greater, therefore you cannot apply Distant Spell to it.
Note that Touch and Self are not the same range. Touch can be applied to any creature upon contact but self only affects the caster.
Jeremy Crawford supports this exact case with a ruling on Twitter:
Distant Spell works only on spells that have a range of 5 feet or greater or a range of touch. That doesn't include spells with a range of self.
Aganazzar's scorcher has its range doubled but not its area
Aganazzar's scorcher has a range of 30 feet. When distant spell is applied to it it will double to 60 feet.
However, it seems that the range does not have any applicability to the spell's effects. Since the line of fire emanates from the caster it seems there is nothing for the range to actually refer to. As written, the spell operates identically to a "Self (30ft line)" spell and perhaps was intended to be written as such.
Regardless, as written, the range would double to 60 feet, but it would have no effect on the length of the line because there is no indication that the two are linked in any way.
Jeremy Crawford seems to support this opinion indirectly via Twitter:
Q: Metamagic Dista[nt] Spell = Sunbeam range increases from 60 ft line
to 120 ft line for duration of concentration?
A: Distant Spell can change the range of a spell, not the size of an
area of effect created by the spell.
Best Answer
RAW both effects apply, but it's not clear if the range should be 480 or 360. It depends on if you interpret double as "x2" or "+100%". While previous editions of the game made it clear that "doubling a double is a triple," as far as I can tell 5e doesn't tell you what to do either way.
However, this exact question was asked to Jeremy Crawford on Twitter, and he responded that the range should be 480: