[RPG] find the highest CR Vampire ever in an official adventure module

Barrier Peaks, mentioned by okeefe already, sounds like a good place to start. It has a lot of the elements you're looking for. There's a followup adventure/article on the old Wizards site called "Return Expedition to the Barrier Peaks", and Dave Chalker wrote an article called "Thingamagigs of the Barrier Peaks" (D&D Insider sub. required) that has 4E stats for high tech weapons and armour for use in a fantasy setting.

Metamorphosis Alpha/Gamma World might also be a great place to find source material that may also fit what you're looking for.

I proffer this answer only because @Zach doesn't like the answer provided above which, from a system point of view at least, is more consistent and easier to implement for the GM. However, here are some other options to work around the inherent imbalance of monster races without @Gates answer:

First and foremost - try to consider balance to be more than the sum total of what the system has to offer (and especially the combat system). In the example of the ogre you could:

1. Make it apparent that life is difficult for creatures that big when pretty much everything is made for smaller folks: "Er... yeah - I repair weapons but something that big? I don't even know where to start. Leave it with me for a couple of weeks and I'll give it a go but don't expect anything quick or cheap"
2. Play up reactions to the racial stereotype. There's likely to be settlements that just aren't comfortable letting an ogre wander around them.
3. Magical items - in a campaign where they're relatively common how many are they going to find that actually fit an ogre?
4. Transport: horses, coaches, boats etc are all likely to be difficult propositions.
5. This one takes a little more work - but you can provide a slightly different perspective on the world with some effort to re-describe things for a less advanced race who might not understand the technical or social nuances of other species.

All of the above take more effort than just throwing in some checks and balances at character generation but they can add a lot of atmosphere to the game. I would also strongly advise talking with your group about whether any of them would help provide the sort balance that you want - after all there's not point putting balance mechanisms in that either don't work for your group or make the race entirely unplayable for your players.