The Ring of Spell Storing says (DMG pg. 192):
This ring stores spells cast into it, holding them until the attuned wearer uses them. The ring can store up to 5 levels worth of spells at a time. When found, it contains 1d6 — 1 levels of stored spells chosen by the DM.
Any creature can cast a spell of 1st through 5th level into the ring by touching the ring as the spell is cast. The spell has no effect, other than to be stored in the ring. If the ring can't hold the spell, the spell is expended without effect. The level of the slot used to cast the spell determines how much space it uses.While wearing this ring, you can cast any spell stored in it. The spell uses the slot level, spell save DC, spell attack bonus, and spellcasting ability of the original caster, but is otherwise treated as if you cast the spell. The spell cast from the ring is no longer stored in it, freeing up space.
So the question is, exactly how does this item work in it's totality? A great answer will have references that point to specific functionality that are cited and sourced from the official D&D 5e material.
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Do you cast the spells by performing the necessary components and then releasing it?
OR
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Do you simply release the stored spell?
AND
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How are actions applied if at all?
Best Answer
Spells cast from the ring use normal actions and no components.
Many magic items allow the user to cast spells. The general rules for this are on p. 141 of the DMG, under the Spells subsection of Activating an Item:
(emphases mine).
Beyond these rules for magic items, casting a spell follows the rules in the Player's Handbook; generally, the character casting the spell takes the Cast a Spell action on their turn.
Here's what the Ring of Spell Storing says about casting the spells in it (DMG, p. 192:
Let's look at two examples of stored spells being cast:
Fireball, cast from the ring by a 3rd level Sorcerer (save DC 14):
Magic Circle, cast from the ring by a 19th level Fighter: