[RPG] How to make Remote Bombs work

I am pretty sure there is no canonical answer. In the Potions and Poisons player's companion, there is a page which shows what the component satchels, packs, what have you, of Alchemists from different regions might look like, but does not say they must look like this. For this reason, it seems to me that it can look like pretty much whatever you want it to look like, especially to fit with your character's background, where he's from, or even where he is now.

Personally, the first image that popped into my head was of the Alchemist throwing a small clay pot (since clay is far cheaper than glass) with a stopper. Another possibility that I just thought of is since the Alchemist uses magic to brew his extracts, he could also contain prepared bombs in fragile fields of magical energy and throw those, so he doesn't need to use (or purchase) containers for his bombs.

With an Off-the-shelf Alchemist no, this is impossible. The Bomb class feature requires a standard action to create and throw the bomb, this isn't an attack action, this is just the way the class feature works. Some have drawn comparisons to it and a Dragon's Breath Weapon.

However, if you are level 8 you may pick up the Fast Bombs discovery which then does enable you to use everything above you described. (FAQ Link)

As far as them being light weapons I think that is a fair assumption, though I can't find any hard info on the topic so I'd talk to your GM about it.