It is way overpowered
Base characteristics
In general, 5e races are not that impactful. They give some ability score bonuses, some proficiencies, and some minor benefits. Contrast this with your race which, even disregarding subraces, has two parts that both individually would be stronger than all the benefits of any other race. These are:
You have resistancd Bludgeoning, Piercing, and Slashing From Nonmagical Attacks Not Made With Silvered
Weapons.
and
starting at 11th Level, you regain HP equal to 1+your constitution modifier at the beginning of each of
your turns.
The first of these is simply very strong, to the point that you take half damage from most attacks, at least in low-level play. The second, apart from giving healing in combat, gives full HP between fights. This is entirely contrary to the design of 5e, which is built as a resource management game, and should therefore under no circumstance include infinite resources (healing). The first has as its closest parallel resistance to necrotic, fire or poison damage that some races get, and the second has no parallel in races at all.
The healing does have some comparable class features, as an 18th level Champion Fighter automatically heals to half health, but note that healing to half health, as opposed to full, does not completely negate health-as-a-resource, as a Champion will still have to use some form of healing (hit dice, healing spells, long rest) in order to attain their maximum survivability. There is also the UA Wild Soul Barbarian who could create infinite resources through its 6th level feature, but this was likely an oversight and will not become an officially published class.
Size, languages, +2 con, speed and age all seem fine to me.
Subraces
The subraces give some normal benefits, such as darkvision and keen senses. These are fine. They also give two more ability score increases, which puts them at the higher end of races. This wouldn't be a problem if it weren't for the other strong aspects.
Hybrid forms
These are very strong, but are not the worst offenders still. Some of them give flying or climbing speed, some give very high natural AC, some give yet more resistances, some give much higher movement, some give advantage on skill checks, and the biggest offenders give pack tactics or bonus action attacks.
This is all too much on an already packed race.
Full forms
Here we let go of all balance concerns.
As an example, the wereboar now has natural weapons stronger than any non-magical weapon (2d8), and it can do an even stronger attack as a bonus action, which not only deals 2d12 damage, but can also displace, prone and curse an enemy. It gets 6(!) more ability score increases, and gets natural armor for an AC of 23 if it has maxed out CON. To top it off, it has poison immunity.
This is all simply too strong. Any part of it on its own would be too strong (except I suppose poison immunity), and all together it is certainly too strong.
The drawback
As for the drawback I largely agree with Dan B's answer, that the drawback mechanic does not work. Indeed, the drawback tends to hurt allies more than the lycanthrope itself. It also gives more work to the DM, who will occasionally have to control a PC, and it also stops happening at some point, as eventually the drawback disappears.
However, although there are problems with the implementation of the drawback, there is also the more fundamental problem that drawbacks don't really work. Consider a theoretical drawback that is both fun and makes the race on average about as good as published races. That means that every combat where this drawback does not trigger or matters less, the lycanthrope is way, way stronger than other party members. If the drawback does inflict its woes, suddenly the party is handicapped to such a degree that they cannot overcome obstacles that they reasonably should be able to conquer. This makes it impossible to balance encounters, and perhaps even worse, puts the lycanthrope in the spotlight all the time, which takes away from the enjoyment of the other players.
You say that you don't want small benefits and drawbacks, but unfortunately that is the only way to make a balanced 5e race.
Comparison to other races
Comparing the lycanthrope to other races directly is essentially impossible, because of the sheer amount of features. So, let's compare the amount of features.
For the amount of features of the lycanthrope, I largely refer to the question and the rest of the answer. There's several features of the base race, combined with complicated rules for (in)voluntary shifting, then there are features for each subrace, for each hybrid form, and for each full form.
Compare this with, say, the tiefling. The tiefling has ability score increases, darkvision, two languages, resistance to fire damage and three spells. That's it. This is roughly the amount of features races have in 5e, and this is what it's balanced for. What you're trying to do is simply impossible.
How to make a lycanthrope
So then, what to do with the idea of making a lycanthrope? I recommend one of two things. First, you could simply redesign it all, placing a heavy emphasis on flavor but being extremely conservative with features that affect combat prowess. Second, you could try making the idea into a class. Classes are "allowed" to be much stronger, as it is where most of the power of a PC comes from. To do so you will still need to scale it down significantly to start with, but with more levels can come more powerful abilities.
Of course, NPC creatures have no real concern for balance, so you could certainly turn it into something to fight against, as opposed to something to fight as.
Best Answer
Although, in SCAG they list traits for the Tiefling Variant, there is no clear distinction for what bloodline each trait would derive from. Further, the instruction in SCAG is to take 1d4 +1 of the traits listed, in no particular order. This means that the traits listed could be combined at random and could apply to various types of bloodlines. For the MTOF Diabolic Tiefling Subraces, there is no descriptions provided, though there is an image for two of the Subraces. So there is no official way to determine physical traits for characters for 5e. There are descriptions of Tiefling bloodlines given for 4e if one is inclined to use them.