3k at level 8 is abysmally poor.
I can see why your PCs are clamouring for wealth, it's not vanity, Pathfinder is balanced around wealth being used for magic items for survival so they are going to be struggling to survive.
If they are point-buy-20 or higher they should have over 66'000gp by this point.
Things you are going to have to do to reduce the difficulty:
Limit high crit weapons
As you play the game longer and longer the chance of any player ever getting hit by a crit goes up to something like 80% (this is ever being hit, not any single chance). Also, critical damage can go up hugely as well. As you have been so stingy they cannot afford anything like a Buffering Cap you must never have weapons with 3x crit range and ideally no 19-20/2x crit range either. They aren't going to be able to take a critical hit and you have left them no opportunity to protect themselves.
Limit weapon damage
Because you haven't left wealth for things like Shawl of Life Keeping to give a buffer for general damage loss you need to dial things back a lot. If game guides would suggest enemies armed with greatsword (2d6), arm them with something like a Longsword (1d8) instead.
Makes things close yet environment to your PC's advantage
The utter lack of wealth of course is going to limit PCs ability to extend the range of their attacks, for example Rogue could never afford Assassin's Sight, so you're going to have to keep things a lot closer yet leave plenty of leeway for your players to disengage or use a height or cover advantage. They are going to need it.
Nerf enemies' stats
Your players should have been able to afford items to boost their core stats by now but obviously cannot. So knock a few points off enemy NPC strength and constitution. Or at least impose some limit like they've been fighting and are lower HP already or are suffering from a disease, tired from travelling, their weapons are damaged or are inherently intimidated by the PC's combat prowess (see sickened, fatigued, broken and shaken respectively).
Still, all is not lost, there's still a lot of very good cheap stuff out there that I can recommend that will be appreciated despite their low cost.
This very cheap item can be hugely appreciated should they be in fear of falling.
Ammunition can be enchanted in groups of 50, so individual units of ammunition would cost 1/50th of enchanting the lot. This can be a great way of cheaply handing out single use bonuses such as Bane Bolt/Arrow against a particular troubling enemy type.
Another cheap item of huge use IF you are a generous GM and give opportunity to use it such as flat roofs nearby that with contracting rope they could quickly get up onto.
Short of being able to boost their Constitution or have a magic item buffer their HP, this will have to do for the big fights. This allows them to stay conscious but staggered when they go to negative HP and Troll Oil stops the steady tick-tick loss of HP when reduced to sub-zero HP.
Very cheap item but gives a considerable buff to protect them from being grappled.
A cheap poison with a very useful effect in how since it requires two saves to end the effect it always works. If your PCs are worries about self poisoning then Blackfinger Paste can cover that concern.
Low CL Potions (50gp+)
There are many 1st level spells which are really good but hard to get out and are viable even at the absolute minimum caster level.
- Touch Of The Sea: can make up for inability to buff stats to be a good swimmer.
- Enlarge Person: is a 1 Round to cast but as little as a Standard action to imbibe
- Blend With Surroundings: great for your rogue when he gets into a pinch.
This is a really good way to give your players the edge in the long run, especially if you are unwilling to drop high value items.
Be generous with traits
This could be a houserule or just a favourable interpretation of the rules but one thing I do is allow players to get a new trait every level and ignore the limit on how they cannot have more than one trait per "list". Considering there are over 1000 traits and normally players can only pick two of them at the beginning of the game that makes this a rather untapped resource.
It can reflect how the PCs have been developing as characters in acquiring new traits. This can do a huge amount to help keep them viable despite such a paucity of wealth.
Best Answer
This is largely up to the DM and depends on a lot of variables.
Picking up items that the character has out and are obvious (if he have the spell book in hand and was reading from it) should be a free interaction, as it is now just lying on the ground next to them. Some DMs might say they fell on top of it and it would take an action to search under their body.
Other items, like a pearl that is tucked away, would require rifling through their bags and pockets to find (unless for some odd reason you had the exact knowledge of where they keep every item). If you think of turns as six second windows, and imagine looking for a pearl in a bag full of stuff without knowing whether or not it is even in there, you could see how this might take several turns.
As a DM, I call this "quick looting" and have the player roll an investigation check to rifle through. The higher the roll, the more they get, but it takes their entire turn. The only way it wouldn't is if they had specific knowledge of exactly where something was, or if it was really obvious (like a large potion that took up 1/3 of the bag), in which case they would just get the item but still take their turn doing so.
This has usually been used for taking potions of healing from allies and enemies that they have seen using them. It has, in my experience, provided an adequate amount of cost for the reward. Skip your turn but get an item that you want for next turn (or bonus action chug that potion).