As of now, there isn't a straightforward way to pass picklist values from a Lightning component and populate it dynamically in a Flow Picklist element or a Radio button. Below are the few options you can try:
1) Check if the flow element 'Single Select Table' is present in your org. Currently, it's available in only a few managed packages (e.g. Financial Services Cloud). Values from a record collection variable can be displayed in radio buttons using Single Select Table.
2) Check if the values that are being passed from the Lightning component can be replaced by Picklist Choice Set (Displays values from any picklist field present in the org) or Record Choice Set (Displays records of an object based on some conditions).
3) If 1) and 2) are not possible, then add a Lightning component on the Flow screen. Add the interface:
implements="lightning:availableForFlowScreens"
and use <lightning:select>
to display picklist values.
If the selected picklist value is to be used later in the flow, then:
a) Define a design attribute in the component for the picklist.
b) While adding the component on the screen, define a flow variable, click on 'Manually assign variables (advanced)' checkbox and assign the variable to the design attribute in 'Store Output Values to Select Variables' section.
Best Answer
No. As of today its not available. You can keep checking the documentation Base Components: Aura Vs Lightning Web Components to know: