Electrical – 10 gauge wire with 50 amp breaker

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My house has a 10 gauge wire leading to a 50 amp breaker. My understanding is this is not allowed and the conversation should end there.

However, this circuit is for the AC unit which specifies a minimum circuit amps of 33 amp and a maximum breaker of 50 amp. HVAC folks are telling me the 10 gauge wire is fine in this case. Why is it acceptable to seemingly violate the normal code specifically for an AC unit?

Best Answer

Because it IS NOT "violating the normal code". It is following the codes allowed for A/C units.

Electrical codes are not nearly as black and white as home centers and quick code guides will lead you to believe.

NEC 240.4(D) restricts smaller conductors (14,12&10) to lower than what is in the general ampacity charts. It also says this applies unless allowed in 240.4(E) & (G). 240.4(G) says 240.4(D) does not apply to certain installations, A/C units being in that list. Depending on the conductor and application #10cu might be rated for 30, 35 or even 40A.

If this is a bit confusing I can post all the relevant articles.