I'm trying to find suitable non-ambiguous words to describe doing something and something done to it. Doing something could be called an action, but what word fits having something done to it? As an example:
A user can push a button, which means that button can be pushed by the user. So, the user has an action called pushing, and the button has a _______ called pushed.
Best Answer
The answer to this question will depend on the syntax of the phrase into which you wish the answer to be injected.
The button has a property called pushed
make sense in programming contexts, for example, where the property's datatype would be a boolean (if the button is two-state, either on or off).
This programming example is based on the linguistic fact that the past participle ("pushed") can be used adjectivally to convey the notion of the 'state' of something.
If we abandon the syntax in your fill-in-the-blank example, we could rephrase the statement and say "The button is pushable" or "The button can be pushed".
One of the button's attributes is that it can be pushed.
Strictly speaking, (i.e. in natural language not programming terminology) "the button has a property called pushability". The word "called" wants a noun there, not a past-participle adjective reflecting state which in some circles (e.g. programming) is used like a noun. The naming conventions of programming are sometimes unnatural.