Learn English – Meaning of “it’s long past time to …”

Something that is outsize (or outsized) is exceptionally large. If used to describe someone's personality, it may mean "larger than life" or flamboyant. It can be positive, but it can also be negative.

The second usage is idiomatic, which you can translate roughly into "there's nothing that", or "there's not anything that":

Olivia: Anything to do with metamorphic ability?
Peter: There's not anything that I can tell (that has anything to do with metamorphic ability)

Olivia: Were you involved in...?
Walter: There's nothing that I recall (about being involved in ...)

It is essentially a way to say "I don't think so, but I could be wrong." There is nothing that you can think of that would make you wrong, but you know there could be other factors of which you are unaware, and so you hedge your bets by saying "not that I can [x]" instead of just straight-out saying "No."

Grammatically speaking, just as one person can say "where's John?" and the second can say "He's over there" and it's understood that "he" refers to John even though the second person never said John, it's understood that the object of the "Not that" verb is whatever the questioner was asking about.