I've come across the slang use of fish referring to the US dollar. Being unfamiliar with this usage I checked a few dictionaries and this is what I've found:
- Slang. a dollar:
He sold the car for 500 fish.
(Random House Dictionary)
- A dollar : The job paid only fifty fish (1920+)
(The Dictionary of American Slang, Fourth Edition by Barbara Ann Kipfer, PhD. and Robert L. Chapman, Ph.D.)
Is this usage common or commonly understood in AmE and BrE?
Where does its usage come from?
Best Answer
'Fish' as chips
J.E. Lighter, Random House Historical Dictionary of American Slang (1994) traces fish in the sense of "a dollar" to 1917, but finds a related sense that goes back almost 200 years earlier:
Harrap's New Collegiate French and English Dictionary (1978) gives three basic meanings for the noun fiche:
The first citation in Lighter for this gambling sense of the word is (via the OED) from John Vanbrugh & Colley Cibber, The Provoked Husband; or, A Journey to London (1728). Here is a longer rendition of that quotation:
The next instance (also quoted from the OED) is dated to 1816, but appears also in The Humorist: A Collection of Entertaining Tales, Anecdotes, Epigrams, &c. (1892):
Without any help from the OED, Lighter finds examples from T.L. Clark, Dictionary of Gambling (1836), evidently describing how to play the game of Boston, a variant of whist:
and from George Matsell, Vocabulum or the Rogue's Lexicon (1859):
So chips were fish and represented money. Under the circumstances, it's not hard to imagine how fish came to mean money itself.
'Fish' as dinero
Lighter's first match for fish in the sense of money is from Logan Ruggles, The Navy Explained (1917) [no preview]:
And his second is from Our Navy (December 1919):
If the money sense of fish in U.S. slang arose during World War I, it's possible that it was pushed along by a second round of exposure to the French fiche. (That might also explain the coincidence that Lighter's two earliest citations for fish as money come from U.S. Navy sources.) But whether fiche had any renewed influence on the evolution of fish or not, the jump to that meaning was only a bunny hop away from the longstanding meaning of fish as gambling chips or checks.