A water block becomes a source block when there's at least 2 other source blocks next to it (not counting diagonally). You start with the very edge and place two water blocks like so. This will give you a 2×2 square of water sources.
__________
|Wo |
|oW |
| |
| |
| |
W = water source placed by you
o = water source generated by the water mechanics
Now, simply scoop up any source block (it will refill), and dump it diagonally from the outermost block.
__________
|Woo |
|oWo |
|ooW |
| |
| |
Repeat until you hit an edge. Which source block you take doesn't matter, they are all infinite (as in, will refill instantly) at this point.
__________
|Woooo |
|oWooo |
|ooWoo |
|oooWo |
|ooooW |
As you can see, to fill an n-long square, you need n bucket loads (actually, only 2, since after that, you can refill from the pool).
To fill the entire rectangle, dump a bucket every other row on one side. The very edge block always has to be filled.
__________
|Wooooooo|
|oWoooooo|
|ooWooooo|
|oooWoooo|
|ooooWWoW|
So to fill an n×m block rectangle, you need n + ceil((m - n) / 2) water sources, with m being the longer side. Again, only 2 if you're talking resources, because after that, you're drawing from an infinite pool.
Here's a video of a guy using this technique on a square:
(Note that he always refills from the still source blocks for some reason, but as noted above, any source block will do.)
Well, I found the answer but I can't take credit for it. I emailed the creator of MineOS Crux directly, William Dizon, and he got back to me in the same day! Very impressed.
Turns out that the default installation of MineOS Crux sets up the Linux firewall (iptables) to only accept incoming Minecraft connections on the default port, 25565. That means even though my second server was merrily running away, any attempts at connecting were blocked. Mr. Dizon passed on this link from the MineOS Crux wiki that explains how to add additional ports to the iptables:
https://minecraft.codeemo.com/mineoswiki/index.php?title=Iptables
Once I followed the steps, set up my additional port for the second server, everything worked! I had forgotten about iptables, and that is a little embarrassing, but live and learn... again ;)
Thanks again to Will Dizon!
Best Answer
Do the following steps and it should improve your performance.
Update/Reinstall Java - Delete your current version and do a fresh install of the latest version.
Assign as much Ram as your computer can muster - the more ram that minecraft has to work with the better it will perform, and the less dependant it is on your other hardware. - i go overboard and have assigned 14gb to each of my MC versions. but i have found that 2gb is perfect for vanilla and 4-6 is fine for ftb to have good performance with far view distance.
Try reinstalling MC - Backup all your saves and reinstall your .minecraft folder.
As an added measure install optifine - the installer is easy to use now for minecraft & doesn't require forge - this should help boost performance a little bit further.
Me personally i would do all the steps above (maybe not optifine depending on whether the others worked) this is quite a big issue to have and without the system specs and java version i have to give a more generalised answer. If this doesn't work i would say that your system can't handle the game on that view distance and you need to lower it.
Let me know if you need more info or if this doesn't work and I can talk you through a more complicated way of improving performance.