Mosquito and other ESF top speeds

This is not a complete answer; however, I have managed to dig up solid information about the tanks here. I still have very little information regarding MAX's, beyond this chart which details their anti-infantry weapons.

To expand on this answer I've found relevant information about tanks. Tanks actually take (default) 50% damage on top and sides, 45% on the front (38% for Vanguards), and 120% to the rear. The armor plating defensive items add onto this, so for example the 5% damage resistance on frontal plating reduces damage to 40% (roughly twice as good as it says on the box). In all cases this results in an increase to the hits-to-kill of one (or two for prowlers, more for Lightning 75mm gun)

Since resources and vehicle timers are only bound to yourself, the only thing you have to fear is the laughter of your teammates. Spawning a vehicle does not prevent anyone else from spawning a vehicle so don't hesitate to spawn them as often as you want to get some practice. Just try not to ram into friendly vehicles, especially ramming into friendly Liberators or Galaxys can cause a huge amount of havoc and can make people rage at you, so try to practice a few meters away from the actual warpgate traffic.

Since GU04 you can access the VR training where you can spawn vehicles without cooldown or resource cost. To access it, just go to the warpgate and use the continent transfer terminal. At the bottom it has a button that brings you directly to the VR training.

You can also access all weapons and upgrades, including weapons you do not have unlocked, and try them out on target dummys in the landscape as well as in the shooting range where a mix of hostile and friendly targets pop up constantly.