A strength of Visualforce's apex:inputField is that it automatically respects the view/edit permissions that come from the profile/permission sets for both the object and the fields.
I'm assuming Lightning Web Component's lightning-input-field incorporates that mechanism too, but haven't found confirmation of that by Googling. Does it?
Best Answer
The lightning-record-edit-form supports field-level security that turns out that lightning-input-field also supports FLS. Didn't find any documentation for the lightning-input-field.
Reference - https://developer.salesforce.com/docs/component-library/bundle/lightning-record-edit-form/documentation
Enclosing an image for a quick look-
ADD ON - I found a salesforce developer's blog stating for lightning:inputField - https://developer.salesforce.com/blogs/2018/01/spring-18-developers-build-secure-interactive-forms-faster.html