[SalesForce] Related list not displaying correctly in lightning

A typical pattern to implement an requirement like that is to create a Visualforce Page along with an APEX controller. Just navigating to the related object will not work.

You also can't use Views, because unlike Reports you can't bypass url-parameters as filter criteria:

• Setting List View Parameters?
• Can List view parameters be passed in via the URL?

There are also some Apps out for this, e. g.:

• https://appexchange.salesforce.com/listingDetail?listingId=a0N300000055r6aEAA
• https://appexchange.salesforce.com/listingDetail?listingId=a0N300000018mbBEAQ

Closest thing you can get without App and without writing code seem to be the workaround mentioned by @KeithC. The URL pattern looks like

/a04?rlid=00Nb0000002Aq4E&id=a0Xb00000000CrD

It consists of the following components:

• a04 is the keyprefix of the child entity
• rlid is the Related List Id which Salesforce provides automatically. This will vary an may be only obtainable using the "Go to list" link. The link is only visible, if you have more related items than the current threshold (controlled by e.g. &rowsperlist=10 on the Object View of the master item or by the Always show me viewer / more records per related list).
• id is the record id of the master object

Keep in mind that you may end up in hardcoding some Ids in the link. That may break you button when deploying it to different Orgs.

So as a conclusion, I would strongly advocate using either an App or a Visualforce Page for Bulk editing.

This question is very similar to the one you already asked here: how to create a custom button for a custom object on a related list

If I don't misunderstand you requirements, you got a lot of things conceptually wrong.

First Competitors are related to quotes and you want to find all competitors for that quote. So you have to bypass the QuoteId as filter criteria - not the CompetitorId.

So your button code could be something like

/apex/CompitetorsForQuote?id={!Quote.Id}

There is also absolutely no need for using Javascript as Button type. You should use URL.

Then you query for a single competitor (using the wrong where) but you should query for a list.

string QuoteId = System.currentPageReference().getParameters().get('Id');
Competitor__c[] comps = [SELECT Id,Name,Product_Series__c,   Part_Number__c,  
    Price_Offered__c , Volume__c,  Date_Price_is_valid__c FROM Compitetor__c 
    WHERE Quote__c = :QuoteId;
];

This is probably not all and my code is untested and may contain errors. But it could help you to think about the structure.