Rammus' great strength comes with the element of surprise. If Rammus isn't in your face, and he isn't powerballing, then he's not scary.
First, the general Powerball gank-tip: start charging it before you actually go in to gank. It takes some time to get spinning, but lasts for quite awhile. If you just press Q and charge on in, you give your opponent precious escape-time. Figuring out the timing on this is critical.
Second, wards. Namely, destroying their's. Rammus late-game can be something like Fiddlesticks; if you can get the jump on them from a surprising position, you've really got something. Have an oracle's on your team (either you or your support) and clear out those wards. Leave them guessing.
Third, scaling MR blues. Rammus needs MR, and these provide a healthy chunk.
Fourth, effective team communication. When Rammus goes in, he goes in. He isn't getting back out. If your team is not prepared to jump in after you, you're going to have a bad time.
Fifth, make use of your early-game advantage. Rammus is FRIGHTENING during the laning phase. If you manage your Powerball correctly, and your lanemate has any CC at all, you're pretty much guaranteed a kill. Gank frequently.
Sixth, give your lanemates the kills, whenever and wherever possible. Don't ever let a kill get away, but if the opponent is certain to drop, give it to your lanemate. They can put that extra gold to much better use.
Best Answer
There is an option that when turned on shows the spells range as long as you keep the button pressed. The skills will then be cast on key release. Can't point you to the exact location of the option at the moment.
But I personally don't like using it. The skills are cast on key release and not on key press. That means skills are often cast a bit later then without this option on.
If i have trouble determining a champions skill range i often just go into custom and play that champion once or twice. Just to get a "feel" of the ranges.